Muhammad Tahir
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Hopes that business and cultural links would be boosted have been dashed by lack of interest from both Turkmen and Iranian governments.
Kunduz residents dispute the right of incomers to assert long-lost property rights.
Tough regulations and confusion over where the border runs make life hard for Afghans living along the frontier with Turkmenistan.
Change to identification papers and the electoral roll gives the ethnic Turkmen community less of a say than ever.
The first-ever ethnic Turkmen education minister takes steps to get his people to go to school.
The younger generation of ethnic Turkmen is increasingly adopting Iranian ways, even discarding their own language in favour of Persian.
The first-ever ethnic Turkmen education minister takes steps to get his people to go to school.