Kazakhstan

Central Asia: 20 Years of Independence

 

As the Soviet Union broke up in 1991, the five Central Asian republics suddenly found themselves independent states, facing numerous challenges in creating a sense of nationhood and building separate economic structures. To mark the two decades since the five new states came into being, IWPR is publishing a series of articles highlighting the common challenges facing them, and some of the ways in which their paths have diverged over the years.

Police encircle journalists in Shetpe, where one man died after police used live fire on protestors on December 17. (Photo courtesy of Respublika news site http://www.respublika-kz.info/)
20 Dec 11
First they imposed news blackout, then they devised alternative narrative for bloodshed.
18 Oct 11
Authorities say sensitive topic being stirred up for political ends.
18 Oct 11
Calls for greater use of national language are really conduit for broader sense of dissatisfaction.
This Almaty man was prevented from carrying out his threat to set fire to himself in 2009. He was protesting against an eviction order, and later won the right to keep his home. (Photo: Andrei Grishin)
7 Oct 11
People set themselves on fire in extreme and very public form of protest.
Oil-sector workers in Janaozen continue their sit-in. (Photo: Artur Nigmetov)
29 Sep 11
Four months after industrial action began, tensions still run high in Janaozen.
28 Sep 11
More needs to be done to ensure government agencies work together to enforce legislation.
The presidents of Azerbaijan, Iran, Kazakstan, Russia and Turkmenistan (from left to right) meeting in Baku on November 18 to discuss a sea they all share but cannot agree on. (Photo: Arman Teymoor) The press in Kazakstan is vulnerable to crippling libel actions. (Photo: Irina Mednikova) A protester holds up pictures of union lawyer Natalia Sokolova and trade unionist Akjanat Aminov, both convicted after taking part in strikes. (Photo: Ayman Kurmanov)
Oil-sector workers in Janaozen continue their sit-in. (Photo: Artur Nigmetov) With the male population of working age abroad, women have replaced men in places like this brick-making factory in southern Tajikistan. (Photo: David Trilling)
President Nazarbaev has caught everyone on the hop by calling a snap election in April. (Photo: Serik Kovlanbaev)
Kazak Newsstand (Photo: Irina Mednikova) IWPR-supported round table on preventing suicide in the Kazak capital Astana. (Photo: Institute for Equal Rights and Equal Opportunities) Election officials say under five per cent of voters did not go for President Nazarbaev. (Photo: Serik Kovlanbaev)
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	President Nazarbaev has made it clear he will definitely be standing for office in 2012. (Photo: Kazakstan presidential website)</p>
A vehicle proclaims its owner's ethnic allegiance as Kyrgyz as it races through Osh in the violent summer of 2010. (Photo: Inga Sikorskaya) Uzbek migrant workers get little support from their government if they run into trouble abroad. (Photo: Andrey Kudryashov/IWPR archive)